&lt;p&gt;The SpiderFab effort has investigated the value proposition and technical feasibility of radically changing the way we build and deploy spacecraft in order to escape the size constraints and cost scaling of current space systems. The vision that has motivated this&amp;nbsp;effort is that of creating a satellite &amp;lsquo;chrysalis&amp;rsquo;, composed of raw material in a compact and durable form, &amp;lsquo;software DNA&amp;rsquo; assembly instructions, and the capability to transform itself on-orbit to form a high-performance operational space system. SpiderFab enables&amp;nbsp;this transformational capability by adapting additive manufacturing techniques and robotic assembly technologies to fabricate and integrate large space systems on-orbit. Fabricating spacecraft components on-orbit enables order-of-magnitude increases in packing&amp;nbsp;efficiency and structural performance. These improvements will enable NASA to escape the volumetric limitations of launch shrouds to create systems with extremely large apertures and very long baselines. The larger solar panels, antennas, booms, concentrators, and optics created with SpiderFab will deliver higher power, higher resolution, higher bandwidth, and higher sensitivity for a wide range of missions. Our Phase I analyses have established that on-orbit fabrication changes the cost equation for large space systems, enabling apertures to scale to hundreds or even thousands of meters in size while providing order-of-magnitude improvements in system performance-per-cost.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The transition potential of the SpiderFab concept is demonstrated by the fact that our Phase I NIAC effort has already resulted in a successful transition to post-NIAC efforts under a NASA/LaRC SBIR to further develop a process for on-orbit fabrication of&amp;nbsp;support structures for high-power solar arrays. The proposed Phase II NIAC effort will build upon this success by developing and demonstrating methods to address the key risk of fabrication in the thermal and vacuum environment of space. It will also develop to&amp;nbsp;PDR-level a concept design for a mission to demonstrate on-orbit fabrication and integration of a large RF aperture, and establish the value proposition for this capability by comparing key performance-to-cost metrics relative to conventional deployable technologies.&lt;/p&gt;