&lt;p&gt;We define a&amp;nbsp;habitat fairly broadly to include any enclosed space that is intended to house people&amp;nbsp;for an extended period of time away from the Earth. Examples of habitats could include a crewed&amp;nbsp;base on the surface of an extraterrestrial planet, moon, or asteroid, a deep-space habitable enclosure, or an orbiting outpost such as the International Space Station. As crewed spacecraft&amp;nbsp;are sent farther from Earth and support more diverse human spaceflight missions, NASA will&amp;nbsp;require more advanced software, both in the flight control room and on board vehicles, to&amp;nbsp;automate many of the functions that are currently performed by ground-based flight controllers.&amp;nbsp;Speed of light delays and communications blackouts make it impossible for flight controllers on&amp;nbsp;Earth to operate the critical systems on distant habitats in real time, and the crew will not have&amp;nbsp;enough time available for many habitat operations tasks, so automation will be required.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Currently, the International Space Station is controlled remotely by a large team of experts in Houston. Keeping a large team of experts in the Mission Control Center is expensive; the Habitat Automation Project Element seeks to reduce this cost through automation, enabling a smaller team of people to control future missions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;For future missions to distant destinations such as Mars, there will be speed-of-light communication delays of up to 22 minutes each way, which will require the astronauts to make more decisions without the assistance of people on Earth, especially when responding to failures.&amp;nbsp;The Habitat Automation&amp;nbsp;Project Element is developing technology to help the astronauts make these deci&amp;shy;sions, including integrated systems health manage&amp;shy;ment software to automatically detect and diagnose spacecraft or system failures, and software to automatically plan sequences of actions to accomplish mission goals.&lt;/p&gt;